Detailed explanation of factors affecting the normal operation of O-rings

December 24, 2021
Latest company news about Detailed explanation of factors affecting the normal operation of O-rings



  Preface  
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O-rings are widely used in various joints of hydraulic and pneumatic fittings, cylindrical surfaces and flange surfaces.

The 0-ring is suitable for installation on various mechanical equipment. It has a sealing effect in different liquid and gas media under specified temperature and pressure, and in static or moving state. In machine tools, shipbuilding engineering, automotive industry, aerospace equipment, metallurgical machinery, chemical machinery, engineering machinery, construction machinery, mining machinery, petroleum machinery, plastic machinery, agricultural machinery and various instruments and meters, a variety of applications Types of seal products.
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 The influence of working pressure on O-ring    
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For the O-ring used in the movement process, when the working pressure is greater than 10MPa, such as one-way compression, set a retaining ring on the other side of the O-ring compression direction; if the two-way compression is applied, the O-ring Place a retaining ring on each side of the ring. In order to reduce friction, wedge-shaped retaining rings can also be used.
 

When the pressure liquid acts from the left, the right retaining ring is pushed up, and the left retaining ring does not contact the sealed surface, so the friction is reduced.
 

In general, the use of retaining rings will increase the friction of the sealing device, and the wedge-shaped retaining ring is of great significance for reducing this friction. For fixed O-rings, when the working pressure is greater than 32MPa, a retaining ring is also required.
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  The influence of friction on O-ring in reciprocating motion  
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When using an O-ring as a reciprocating seal, it is necessary to pay attention to the damage caused by the full-tone rolling torsion of the seal and the increase in friction caused by adhesion, resulting in failure.

 

If the O-ring is properly assembled and used under proper conditions, it is generally not easy to roll or twist under reciprocating motion, because the contact area of ​​the O-ring and the sealing groove is larger than the frictional contact area on the sliding surface, and The resistance of the O-ring itself can prevent distortion.

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At the same time, the distribution of frictional force also tends to keep the O-ring stationary in its groove, because the static friction is greater than the sliding friction, and the surface of the sealing groove is generally not as smooth as the sliding surface.

Summarize
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If the O-ring is properly assembled and used under proper conditions, it is generally not easy to roll or twist under reciprocating motion, because the contact area of ​​the O-ring and the sealing groove is larger than the frictional contact area on the sliding surface, and The resistance of the O-ring itself can prevent distortion.
The service life of O-rings is directly related to many factors such as use conditions, assembly quality, materials of moving parts, machining accuracy, lubrication conditions, and dust-proof measures. Therefore, the exact service life of O-rings can only be judged based on specific working conditions. O-rings for dynamic seals are vulnerable parts. In any reciprocating sealing applications, they must be used according to the rated data or capacity of the seals, and they must be assembled properly to achieve satisfactory performance.
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